The single most important thing you can do before negotiating: anchor your ask to market data, not personal need. Saying 'Based on market data, the median sits around $X — is there flexibility?' is a strong position. If base salary is frozen, negotiate signing bonuses, equity, remote flexibility, or PTO. The best moment to negotiate is after you have a written offer — not during the first verbal conversation. Once you have the offer, you have the leverage.